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Ashmi Sheth

At times we come across stories that fill us with feelings of #pride, in all its senses. The story of Dr. Narthaki Nataraj, who was disowned by her family at the age of 11 owing to her sexuality, reminds us of a rainbow that finds its way through the dark clouds. Being the first transgender dancer-artiste to have received the prestigious Padma Shri award in 2019, Dr. Narthaki Nataraj is to now become a member of the State Development Policy Council (SDPC) on the Tamil Nadu Government. As a member of the TN SDPC, she aims to focus on healthcare facilities and employment opportunities for trans women. She views offering job opportunities as not only making them financially stable and giving them dignity, but also as creating a more inclusive society. 

At the age of 12, Narthaki Nataraj along wither companion, Shakti Bhaskar, left home to pursue her passion for dance. She has dedicated 30 years of her life in service of Bharatnatyam, and specializes in the Tanjore style Nayaki Bhava tradition. Nataraj has performed at leading festivals across various countries in the world; USA, UK, Canada, Japan, Singapore Sri Lanka, and Switzerland to name a few. Currently, Narthaki Nataraj runs her institute, “Velliyambalam School of Dance,” where she trains many Indian and foreign students in the traditional art form as handed down to her by her guru. The Velliyambalam Trust also has branches in the US, UK, Norway and Canada, that have both local as well as Indian diaspora students. Even as she learnt dance, Nataraj completed her higher secondary from the money she earned from dance performances. In 2016, Nataraj received an honorary doctorate (Doctor of Letters) from Periyar Maniammai University. Having been denied admission by a law college because of her sexuality at one time, Nataraj now continues to hold lecture programs across Ivy League universities such as Yale University.

Some of her other achievements include receiving the SNA Puraskar from the President of India in 2011, the Kalaimamani Award from Tamil Nadu Government in 2007, Nruthya Choodamani Award from Shri Krishna Gana Sabha and having her life story featured in 11th standard Tamil textbook of Tamil Nadu Government in 2018 as an attempt to sensitize young minds about the transgender community. 

In 2002, Nataraj forced the Union Home Ministry to change the alphabet ‘U’ (eunuch) to ‘F’ for female in gender column of passports issued to transgenders. She also fought to replace the derogatory Tamil word used to refer to transgenders, ‘Aravani’ with ‘Thiru Nangai,’ a term that she coined which means “supreme woman.”

Dr. Narthaki Nataraj’s inclusion in the TN Government deserves much appreciation and can be a revolutionary step toward a more inclusive and gender-neutral political environment for people with diverse sexualities and identities. 

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By Dr. Elsa Lycias Joel

Kalaignar’s political ambitions have trickled down to the third generation for good.

Tamil Nadu knows of Muthuvel Karunanidhi (popularly referred to as ‘Kalaignar’ – Artist), as a leader who established himself as a screenplay writer, scriptwriter, actor, writer and poet with more than 100 books to his credit, an enormous intellect of our times and above all elected as chief minister for five times. Dr. Karunanidhi, more than most others, knew what it’s like to come up the hard way.

In a sense Karunanidhi’s fame was first cemented with his participation in the anti-hindu agitations at the age of 14 followed by his maiden attempt as founder and editor of ‘Manavar Nesan’ (friend of students), a handwritten newspaper circulated among members. A penchant for classic literature motivated Dr. Karunanidhi,  to write screen plays for five epics marked by a caustic wit and elegant script that demeaned primitive ideas that subjugated women in particular. Through his writings, this stalwart implored a change in public values in favour of supporting everything from arts and literature to better living for the poor, and he compelled the governments at the centre to pay heed. He had the guts to call the mother organization of the ruling party at the centre as a controversial organization based on religion.

Tamil Nadu celebrates this man, as he uniquely focused on the issues of Indian widow and untouchability, considered taboo topics, through his screenplays, thereby ushering in widespread social reforms. Thanks to him, Tamil Nadu does not any longer accept the custom of breaking of bangles by women on the death of their husbands, or dis-figuration and maltreatment of such women and does not accept any abuse of widows by conjoining the cultural, caste and property imperatives that were tolerated in this state of India, for so long. 

Tamilians have reasons to be grateful for his life. DMK Patriarch renounced religion and fought religious patriarchy tooth and nail because it worked as a means to coerce women into accepting gender oppression through religion.Even after being reformed, Hindu personal laws denied women of co-guardianship rights over her children, right to ancestral property and wealth. Movies like ‘Panam’ and ‘Thangarethnam’ conveyed strong ideas of him as a screenwriter. In 1952 through the movie ‘parasakthi’ he vindicated illiteracy, early marriage, social inequality, casteism, social dependency and stigma of widowhood. In Tamil Nadu, Dr. Karunanidhi is still seen as greater than God by many. For countless, the fact that they can boast of a lifestyle that was earlier considered a prerogative of the rich and privileged, is a matter of considerable satisfaction and pride and they owe it to Dr. Karunanidhi.

To appreciate Dr. Karunanidhi’s role as champion of the oppressed, one needs to take a glance at the holy city of Vrindavan near Mathura and Varanasi. The sight of abandoned widows begging, in addition to tolerating the cruel slings of societal indifference is pathetic. Can a widower survive on a dole of a handful of rice and Rs.8/ day by singing bhajans? How widows are treated in our country is an open refutation of the belief that in our culture a mother occupies a higher position than anybody – Matru devo bhava, Guru dev bhava. These ostracized widows are living symbols of the failure of our already inadequate systems.

Not only was a woman’s legal protection within a family made true under the Tamil Nadu Marriages Act in 2009 but bearing the expenses of inter-caste marriages by the DMK was another move to weaken the casteist forces. The first big move that the DMK made under the leadership of Karunanidhi was to pass a law calling for the legalization of self-respect marriages in 1967,  which is also reflective of the man’s premeditated attempt to banish religious hierarchy. This paved the way for Hindu marriages minus the presence of a Brahmin priest. Social reforms in the eyes of DMK chief centered on the secluded downtrodden people and widows. Social equality was DMK’s flagship. The two dozen and odd welfare boards set up during the DMK’s regime aimed at equality. Reservations and quotas created were so sensitive to the plight of the suffering lot who are segregated in other parts of India on the basis of the  Dharmaśāstras of Hinduism. By introducing the Women Entrepreneurs scheme and Women’s Small Trade Loan with saving scheme, he ensured to promote social capital, equality and social justice. 

As first among equals, he secured a precious right for all the Chief Ministers and on August 15, 1974, Mr. Karunanidhi became the first Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu to unfurl the national flag at the historic Fort St. George. The highest point of his “avatar” as a proponent of the Tamil language was marked by the Union government’s declaration of Tamil as a classical language in October 2004. The idea of State autonomy was perceived by him and it still flourishes for the good of all the State governments, and not to any particular party. 

With such a strong leader as Dr. Karunanidhi, whose focus was also on demolishing the caste hegemony over society, it remains to be seen if other states have understood Tamil Nadu’s political dynamics. In whatever he did, there was a sense of social justice. Kalaignar’s atheism never conflicted with his ideology and he stood by his credo, that,  discriminating against fellow beings in the name of religion and caste is inhuman. There are no questions or doubts as to how he presented himself as the savior of the oppressed and downtrodden and how he set a precedent for the future.

Twelve years after the Tamil Nadu government’s order, a person belonging to the so called non-creamy layer was posted as ‘Archaka’ at the famous Meenakshi Amman temple in Madurai. The war has just begun and Dr. Karunanidh’s legacy will live on. 

“May every sunrise hold more promises “

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India heard Rahul Gandhi say “If somebody is harassing you, if somebody is not giving you what is your due, you have to face them and challenge them” at the Bharathidasan college for women in Puducherry. India watched him teach some moves of Aikido, a form of martial art to the students of St. Teresa College for Women in Kerala after asserting ‘women are much more powerful than men are but they fail to understand their power.’ India feels 33 percent reservation in government jobs for women and the passage of Women’s Reservation Bill securing 33 percent seats in Parliament is possible only with Rahul at the helm. True to the quote  “When thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth: that thine alms may be in secret…” Rahul attempted an actual action to assuage the fears and misery of Nirbhaya’s family. When parties and leaders won’t miss an opportunity to paste their photos or symbols on stuff they donate, thereby flaunting their philanthropy, there existed a  leader with class who pleaded with the recipients of his goodwill that his act remains a secret. Congress aligning with DMK is a good sign or omen especially for women because it’s a party molded by Muthuvel Karunanidhi, both a product and a creator of the Dravidian movement who ensured his progressive social policies made way towards significant social development in TN. For instance women’s welfare measures such as the Anjugam Ammaiyar Inter-caste Marriage Assistance Scheme, Dr. Dharmambal Ammaiyar Memorial Widow Remarriage Scheme, Moovalur Ramamirtham Marriage Assistance scheme, EVR Nagammaiyar Memorial Free Graduate Education for Girls Scheme and the Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy Memorial Maternity Assistance Scheme were were initiated and implemented successfully.  

Tamilnadu is buzzing ever since Rahul Gandhi set foot here because he represents a hopeful future for ‘Bharat Mata’ as a whole. Whatever he did with whoever, he looked more than endearing with gestures that revealed who he is and what he will be.  He could blend effortlessly and his desire to make society more fair and equitable, with economic possibilities for all, was visible in his conversations and programs. 

In terms of leadership style, Rahul has introduced “charisma” into the political equation. He has a strong rapport with the public and he understands how to use the media to shape public opinion. More so,  elections look like they are based more on the individual than the political party. No doubt Rahul has inherited his father’s charm. When people voted the Congress to victory in 1984, they were generally casting their vote for Rajiv Gandhi the man instead of for him as the standard-bearer of the  Party. The most popular Prime Minister up to his time, Rajiv used his enthusiasm to shape issues, and to mold opinions too. 

Educational institutions welcomed him with ease. Rahul interacted ever-so-casually with students just to kind of hear from them, find out what they’re interested in, because he believes that most of the problems that we have are going to be solved by young minds. In his every move he was setting an example and to his critics he certainly looked like an important symbol of progress. It wasn’t an abstraction as Rahul witnessed the students in action, some impatient with events/things not in their control, few angry over losses and many sad about the existing structural inequities  He recognized a part of him in them and he took it on him to help them understand a little bit more about how government works and explained how difficult it is to move this society forward without the right leadership. 

At Xavier’s college, Tirunelveli the congress president made it clear that the real significance of what we do and achieve on the educational front must be reflected, not in statistics, but in the experiences of individual Indians, young and old, whose lives are supposed to be shaped by new educational programs and policies which should be formulated in tune with the needs and demands. Yet for the progress if any, we still face enormous problems in education: stubborn, lingering, unyielding problems because the policies are drafted by those who aim to use education as a “means for ideological indoctrination”. Interactive sessions highlighted Rahul’s skills as a good listener. Patiently did he listen and with all due honesty he clarified doubts and instilled hope. Definitely, connections that tie the government and the governed are primarily widespread public pessimism about the ability of the ruling government, at pretty much every level was heard and seen. Rahul’s extempores and the manner in which he responded to the ‘Educators Meet’  stood in vivid contrast to Modi’s constant uptalk as he reads from a teleprompter, staccato clauses and Twitter outbursts. The soul of his sentences – the resonance and depth took people back to the good old days of Kingmaker Kamarajar when he said education is not a financial commodity and hence should be available to everyone. He reiterated that noble professions like farming, education and healthcare being turned into financial commodities for the benefit of a handful of cronies  has led to drastic changes in how our society perceives the role of food,knowledge and health in human life. A true leader like Rahul knows and understands that a country’s identity is the fusing of millions of disparate stories into a singular vision- a welfare society. Gujarat burns again and it’s never a model state. 

In Mulagumodu, the hamlet of the Bruges lace Rahul was modish, making friends with students, weaving an intricate lace with love, dance, Aikido, push-ups and promises. Compelling and inspiring were Rahul’s mannerisms. Intimidated by this man’s camaraderie, the miserable Tamil Nadu unit of the Bharatiya Janata Party on Thursday wrote to the Election Commission to restrain Congress MP Rahul Gandhi from campaigning in vain. Thus, a genuine reply to a student who was concerned about the lack of freedom of expression in today’s India looked like a threat to national security but not the disappearance of rafale files or student groups like ABVP that inflict violence on students and practice goondaism by people in the disguise of leaders. 

‘Big moment’ with the Chefs of the Village Cooking Channel (VCC) was the acme of RaGa’s visit. Whether it’s the way he transformed into one of them to become a hands on cook or the way he pronounced the ingredients in tamil or the manner in which he made them feel that he had a connection with them listening to their dreams and helping them grow wings by offering to introduce his friend Sam Pitroda or showing his humorous side, RaGa did it in style with no pretence whatsoever. As opposed to the PM who tried to woo the tamilians by trying his best in vain to utter a few couplets that did nothing but give enough content for memes and jokes in Tamilnadu, Rahul brought back Tamilnadu’s spirit and it’s sense of optimism. Any vision is worth little if a leader doesn’t have the character–the wisdom and heart to see through people’s eyes, hear between words and beyond what was spoken. Just a Few hours with the village chefs and their voices played into Rahul’s deep sense of Tamilnadu’s history and his belief in the promise of democracy. Seated beside them as they relished the mushroom biryani, Rahul discussed big ideas.  We aren’t in an age where no popular leader can any longer mingle with his fellow citizens, either to stir them or learn from them.  Remember the ‘Big Drama’ enacted by A Shah who visited a Dalit family in Peretapalli in Nalgonda district in 2017 with a troop of media persons? According to reliable sources Shah’s food was prepared in the mango orchard of an upper caste landlord in a neighbouring village. Another similar wily act of Shah at West Bengal’s Bankura in 2020 during his visit to a tribal family’s house was disclosed by Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee. These days, any such gestures by the BJP  are more likely to be staged than genuine. For the BJP-AIADMK alliance in Tamilnadu, this election has been a combination of ‘ache din aane wale hai’ promises or DMK pummelling and new Rahul Gandhi bashing. Many a time, they were confused as to which approach should take primacy. With Rahul’s courage and integrity that I think is the hardest and most demanding kind, I believe that neither line would work to optimum efficacy. 

In every educational institution he visited, Rahul made sure that he infused a confidence in students that they are as qualified as anybody to talk about what is right and just, and trust themselves in that. Without fear, he felt free to describe what he truly thought about a whole range of issues and that’s Rahul for TN. What’s more adorable was that, amidst withering criticism from the BJP, Rahul remained calm and composed even as he discussed different points of power,  levers and fasteners throughout our society that help determine one’s direction- towards real democracy. 

After watching Jallikattu in Madurai, RaGa assured the people of being one with them when it comes to protecting the culture and language of Tamilnadu. Shaking hands, acknowledging smiles and gestures, that was part of how he managed to maintain perspective and take his work seriously, or running for victory seriously, but not take himself too seriously. Rahul Gandhi had a valid point on the sport and he made it only after watching it in person. Yes, Congress leader Jairam Ramesh was Environment minister in 2011 when the Ministry issued a notification banning the use of bulls as performing animals and that will never downplay Rahul’s display of support to farmers. Just so the BJP believes and asserts that the party Supremo can’t be held totally responsible for a minister’s decision or tweet, it would be wise on their part to think at least once before accusing others of double standards. Having discovered its oxygen supply is shut down by voters of TN, BJP seems to be on a desperate search for relevance. It’s attempt to pooh pooh Rahul Gandhi’s charisma should be perceived in this light. There cannot be a better example of duplicity than AIADMK’s claim that their alliance with BJP is only “electoral”. Mr. Chief Minister you can’t sail safe and untroubled with a partner who has a different ideology or destination in mind. 

At the gathering of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) representatives in Coimbatore, RaGa’s solidarity was unmistakable. People await a restructured/ reconceptualised Goods and Services Tax (GST) and ‘one tax, minimum tax’. From Skill India, Digital India, Make in India, Atmanirbhar [Bharat], entrepreneurs ended up nowhere which means out of 7.5 crore small entrepreneurs, almost 30% of enterprises are dead. After ruling for 7 years in succession, the BJP is expecting the voters to swallow two things: One, economic reforms and two, it’s image of being pluralistic. Tamilnadu rejects both. Accusing the present ruling party of superimposing the GST, RaGa made it clear BJP’s GST is designed to help large businesses. It’s not a secret that the affluent have creamed off reforms that the Modi government has implemented so far. Therefore Mr. Prime Minister, what kind of economic reforms and for whom? 

Cameras have a way of capturing what a thousand words cannot. TN has seen and heard Rahul like never before. As far as the people of TN are concerned, Rahul is the much needed fillip to our ailing democracy. Unlike BJP-AIADMK leaders whose proclamations underline that they are not willing to be active participants in any questioning of the principles underlying farm laws, poverty, corruption, alcohol prohibition or human rights and possible impact upon a highly unhealthy and unequal society, Rahul is willing to rectify failures/ shortcomings and reform government-a long overdue task. Above all, Rahul admits all pogroms and riots are wrong and he never hesitates to apologize unconditionally if need be. 

Rape, harassment and other forms of violence against women appear to have risen in India and more so blatantly after the ruling government and it’s allies make every effort at moral policing. The audacity of blaming victims stems from the fact that BJP considers Manusmriti as a source of law for women issues. DMK that rests on the dravidian ideology that educating and uplifting women will bring social balance and growth will undoubtedly fare better with Congress by its side. ‘Bharat Mata’ as an appellation will be justified if women of all states rise and shine. May the sun rise from the beautiful south and throw some light on other parts of India as well. 

Eventually, a vigorous and vigilant government is the sine qua non of a healthy democracy. And I guess Tamilians know it better. 

Dear Rahul, as you know women’s welfare and safety is a concern and much more work remains. Women are capable of creating history and a promising future with formidable grace, for sure. But ‘don’t let anyone stop you’. 

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